Common Failures of Diesel Tank Bunds
Common failures of a tank diesel bund often stem from material degradation, design flaws, or improper maintenance, posing risks to safety and environmental protection. Here are key failure modes and their underlying causes:
Structural Cracking or Leakage
Material Fatigue: Concrete bunds may develop cracks due to thermal expansion/contraction, soil settlement, or prolonged exposure to diesel's chemical effects.
For example, diesel can penetrate concrete pores, causing gradual degradation and structural weakness.
Joint Failure: Seals between concrete slabs or at pipe penetrations often fail first.
Corrosion of Materials
Metal Bund Components: Steel-reinforced concrete or steel linings may corrode if not adequately protected.
Underground Bunds: Moist soil conditions accelerate corrosion of buried steel bunds.
Drainage System Malfunctions
- Clogged Drains: Debris, sediment, or solidified diesel residues block drain pipes, preventing proper liquid removal.
- Valve Failure: Manual shut-off valves may seize due to rust or diesel buildup.
- Design Issues: Inadequate slope or capacity can lead to system overload.
- Sensor Errors: Automatic valves might malfunction from electrical faults.
Vapor Emission and Fire Risks
Inadequate Ventilation: Lack of flame arrestors allows explosive diesel vapors to accumulate.
Static Electricity: Unbonded metal components can generate sparks.
Regulatory Non-Compliance: Bunds not updated to meet current codes (e.g., API 650 or local environmental standards) may lack critical features like secondary liners or spill sensors.
Regular inspection and maintenance are crucial to prevent these failure modes and ensure diesel bunds continue to provide effective containment and environmental protection.