Fuel Tank Shape Dynamics
Fuel Movement and Sloshing
Tank geometry determines fuel movement during vehicle acceleration, deceleration, and cornering. Irregular or asymmetric shapes can cause fuel sloshing, where fuel shifts abruptly, leading to inconsistent supply to the fuel pump. This sloshing may result in temporary fuel starvation, especially in low-fuel situations, causing engine hesitation or stalling. In contrast, streamlined, rounded shapes with internal baffles minimize sloshing by disrupting wave formation, ensuring a steady fuel flow to the pump intake.
Fuel Pickup Efficiency
The shape affects fuel pickup efficiency. Tanks with deep, narrow sections or sharp corners may trap fuel, leaving residual amounts that cannot be accessed by the fuel pump. This reduces effective fuel capacity and can lead to inaccurate fuel level readings. Conversely, tanks with gradual slopes and smooth contours guide fuel toward the pump, maximizing usable fuel and improving gauge accuracy.
Pressure Distribution
The shape influences pressure distribution within the tank. Flat-bottomed tanks may experience uneven pressure buildup during refueling, causing splashing or slow filling. Tanks with curved bottoms or sloped surfaces promote even pressure release, facilitating faster, safer refueling.
Off-Road Performance
In off-road or inclined conditions, shape becomes critical. Tanks with sump designs or low-lying pickup points ensure fuel reaches the pump even when the vehicle is tilted, preventing interruption in fuel flow. For high-performance vehicles, aerodynamic tank shapes integrate with the vehicle's structure to reduce drag while maintaining optimal fuel flow during high-speed maneuvers.